|
It has belonged to different Religious Orders; in 1079 Alfonso
VI of Castilla donated it to the Cluniac monks. In 1487
the Pope handed it over as a commandery to Rodrigo de Borja,
who later became Pope Alenjandro VI. This means that from
this year to 1513, Santa María was an independent
abbey. Since the late 19th century, after the deterioration
and despoiling it suffered because of the expropiation,
the Monastery has been governed by a Franciscan community.
The original church was built between 1044
and 1056 in the Romanesque style and it was rebuilt throughout
the 15th and 16th centuries. It has 3 naves with 5 parts
of different height, a transept and a triple absidal end.
The vaults have ribs and tercerons in the east side , transept
aisle and the last section of the epistle nave. A triforium
stands above the transept and the east side, which, on the
exterior have six defensive round towers as buttresses.
One of the most beautiful elements is the
choir, with outstanding choir stalls, one of the best in
Spanish Art History. They were created in the Flamboyant
Gothic style around 1495. Below stands the Royal Pantheon
dominated by the statues of the founder kings, where can
be admired, among other sepulchres, the sarcophagus of Doña
Blanca de Navarra. At the center of the pantheon, dug into
the rock, is the entrance to the cave where, as Legend tells,
King García discovered the image of the Virgin.
The Cloister of Los Caballeros, tomb of
many noblemen, is one of the many treasures of La Rioja
Architecture. The Chapel of Veracruz, built by Queen Doña
Mencía López de Haro of Portugal, houses her
sepulchre and her brothers´ , as well as Garcilaso
de la Vega´s, the great poet.
|